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We examined the effects of symptom induction on neural activation in blood-injection-injury (BII) phobia. Nine phobic and 10 non-phobic subjects participated in an fMRI study in which they were presented with disorder-relevant, generally disgust-inducing, generally fear-evoking and neutral pictures. We observed diminished medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) activity in patients compared to controls for phobia-relevant and disgust-inducing pictures. The MPFC has been shown to be critically involved in the automatic and effortful cognitive regulation of emotions. Therefore, the results might reflect reduced cognitive control of emotions in BII phobics during the experience of phobic symptoms as well as during states of disgust. The latter response component might be a result of the elevated disgust sensitivity of BII phobics.
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The aim of this fMRI study was to explore brain structures that are involved in the processing of erotic and disgust-inducing pictures. The stimuli were chosen to trigger approach and withdrawal tendencies, respectively. By adding sadomasochistic (SM) scenes to the design and examining 12 subjects with and 12 subjects without sadomasochistic preferences, we introduced a picture category that induced erotic pleasure in one sample and disgust in the other sample. Since we also presented neutral pictures, all subjects viewed pictures of four different categories: neutral, disgust-inducing, erotic, and SM erotic pictures. The analysis indicated that several brain structures are commonly involved in the processing of disgust-inducing and erotic pictures (occipital cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and the amygdala). The ventral striatum was specifically activated when subjects saw highly sexually arousing pictures. This indicates the involvement of the human reward system during the processing of visual erotica.
Erkunden
Team
- Vaitl (2)
Eintragsart
Sprache
- Englisch (2)
Thema
- Personality Inventory
- Adolescent (1)
- Adult (2)
- *Affect (1)
- Amygdala/blood supply/metabolism (1)
- Amygdala/physiopathology (1)
- Arousal/*physiology (1)
- Basal Ganglia/blood supply/metabolism (1)
- *Blood (1)
- Brain/*blood supply/metabolism (1)
- Brain Mapping (1)
- Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology (1)
- Dominance, Cerebral/physiology (1)
- Echo-Planar Imaging (1)
- Emotions/physiology (1)
- *Erotica (1)
- Fear/physiology (1)
- Female (2)
- Functional Laterality/physiology (1)
- Gyrus Cinguli/physiopathology (1)
- Hemodynamics/physiology (1)
- Hippocampus/blood supply/metabolism (1)
- Hippocampus/physiopathology (1)
- Humans (2)
- *Image Processing, Computer-Assisted (1)
- Injections/*psychology (1)
- *Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1)
- Male (1)
- Occipital Lobe/blood supply/metabolism (1)
- Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology (1)
- Personality (1)
- Phobic Disorders/*physiopathology/psychology (1)
- *Photic Stimulation (1)
- Prefrontal Cortex/*physiopathology (1)
- Reward (1)
- Sexual Behavior/physiology (1)
- Syncope, Vasovagal/physiopathology/psychology (1)
- Thalamus/blood supply/metabolism (1)
- Thalamus/physiopathology (1)