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Ergebnisse 2 Einträge
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The simulation concept suggested by Jeannerod (Neuroimage 14:S103-S109, 2001) defines the S-states of action observation and mental simulation of action as action-related mental states lacking overt execution. Within this framework, similarities and neural overlap between S-states and overt execution are interpreted as providing the common basis for the motor representations implemented within the motor system. The present brain imaging study compared activation overlap and differential activation during mental simulation (motor imagery) with that while observing gymnastic movements. The fMRI conjunction analysis revealed overlapping activation for both S-states in primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and the supplementary motor area as well as in the intraparietal sulcus, cerebellar hemispheres, and parts of the basal ganglia. A direct contrast between the motor imagery and observation conditions revealed stronger activation for imagery in the posterior insula and the anterior cingulate gyrus. The hippocampus, the superior parietal lobe, and the cerebellar areas were differentially activated in the observation condition. In general, these data corroborate the concept of action-related S-states because of the high overlap in core motor as well as in motor-related areas. We argue that differential activity between S-states relates to task-specific and modal information processing.
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In alexithymia a frontal dysfunction is supposed to be a neurobiological correlate. This study focuses on distorted patterns of neuronal activity evoked by emotional stimuli in alexithymics and controls. Out of hospitalised patients with psychosomatic diseases 8 patients with a high score (HA) and 8 with a low one (NA) on the TAS-20 were investigated with fMRI during emotional stimulation which included pictures evoking anxiety and disgust as well as neutral illustrations. As response to negative affect arousing visual stimulation HA in comparison to NA showed a lower activation in the right medial prefrontal cortex and in the right amygdala. The results were significant for the emotion disgust. The results support the existence of a complex central feedback circuit consisting of regions of the prefrontal cortex and limbic structures to process negative affects. Hypothetically a fundamental factor for the emergence of alexithymic traits is an inhibiting process between affect processing (e. g. medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulum) and affect generating structures (e. g. amygdala). Furthermore our findings confirm the hypothesis that alexithymia is a disorder of higher cerebral function.
Erkunden
Team
- Vaitl (2)
Eintragsart
Thema
- Neurons/*physiology
- Adult (2)
- Affective Symptoms/*physiopathology/psychology (1)
- *Brain Mapping (1)
- Brain/physiopathology (1)
- *Cognition (1)
- Dancing (1)
- Emotions/*physiology (1)
- Female (1)
- Gymnastics/*physiology (1)
- Hemodynamics (1)
- Humans (2)
- *Imagery, Psychotherapy (1)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2)
- Male (1)
- Motor Activity/*physiology (1)
- Motor Cortex/*physiology (1)
- Movement (1)
- Neuropsychological Tests (1)
- Physical Education and Training (1)
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales (1)
- *Sports (1)
- Students (1)
- Video Recording (1)